Case Series

Neuroendocrine neoplasms in uncommon gastrointestinal sites: A case series and literature review

Neha Chhabra, Angie Garg
South African Journal of Radiology | Vol 30, No 1 | a3455 | DOI: https://doi.org/10.4102/sajr.v30i1.3455 | © 2026 Neha Chhabra, Angie Garg | This work is licensed under CC Attribution 4.0
Submitted: 09 March 2026 | Published: 30 June 2026

About the author(s)

Neha Chhabra, Department of Radiodiagnosis and Interventional Radiology, Homi Bhabha Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Medicity, New Chandigarh, Punjab, India
Angie Garg, Department of Radiodiagnosis and Interventional Radiology, Homi Bhabha Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Medicity, New Chandigarh, Punjab, India

Abstract

Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) are rare, heterogeneous tumours arising from neuroendocrine cells located throughout the body. The gastrointestinal (GI) tract is the most frequent site of origin, but lesions in unusual locations such as the duodenum, gallbladder and rectum are diagnostically challenging because of their atypical presentation and radiological appearance. This series describes three patients with NENs at uncommon GI sites, highlighting imaging findings, histopathological features and management tailored to the tumour site and grade.
Contribution: Although rare, NENs at uncommon GI sites should be included in the differential diagnosis of hypervascular lesions. Accurate diagnosis requires integration of cross-sectional imaging, somatostatin-receptor PET and immunohistochemistry, guiding individualised therapy.


Keywords

neuroendocrine neoplasm; neuroendocrine tumour; duodenum; gallbladder; rectum; somatostatin receptor imaging

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