Review Article
Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome in children
South African Journal of Radiology | Vol 21, No 2 | a1257 |
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4102/sajr.v21i2.1257
| © 2017 Nasreen Mahomed, Gary Reubenson
| This work is licensed under CC Attribution 4.0
Submitted: 24 July 2017 | Published: 14 November 2017
Submitted: 24 July 2017 | Published: 14 November 2017
About the author(s)
Nasreen Mahomed, Department of Radiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, South AfricaGary Reubenson, Department of Paediatrics & Child Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa
Abstract
Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome (IRIS) refers to a collection of inflammatorydisorders, predominantly related to infectious processes that manifest after the initiation ofantiretroviral therapy (ART) and can be classified as unmasking or paradoxical. The prevalenceof IRIS in children in sub-Saharan Africa is low. Approximately half of all cases are associatedwith Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It may be difficult to distinguish IRIS from tuberculosis andother opportunistic infections radiologically; therefore, radiological findings must be interpretedwith clinical and laboratory findings. In this review article, we describe the clinical andradiological manifestations of IRIS in children and provide illustrative radiological examples.
Keywords
Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome; children; antiretroviral therapy
Metrics
Total abstract views: 2904Total article views: 4997
Crossref Citations
1. Tuberculosis revisted: classic imaging findings in childhood
Nasreen Mahomed, Tracy Kilborn, Elsabe Jacoba Smit, Winnie Chiu Wing Chu, Catherine Yee Man Young, Nonceba Koranteng, Joanna Kasznia-Brown, Abbey J. Winant, Edward Y. Lee, Kushaljit Singh Sodhi
Pediatric Radiology vol: 53 issue: 9 first page: 1799 year: 2023
doi: 10.1007/s00247-023-05648-z